The Reg A+ landscape is complex, with investors clamoring to participate from its potential. But is it all exaggerated claims? Although the framework offers a innovative pathway for capital acquisition, there are obstacles that potential participants should be aware of.

• Firstly, the regulatory requirements can be complex, demanding significant resources and knowledge.
• Secondly, the success of Reg A+ offerings have been mixed, with some companies achieving favorable outcomes while others struggle to attract sufficient funding.
• Finally, the investor base for Reg A+ offerings is still developing, meaning that there are restricted opportunities available compared to traditional financing methods.

Navigating the Reg A+ terrain involves careful consideration and a thorough understanding of both its potential benefits and challenges. While it can be a effective mechanism for certain businesses, intending participants should approach strategically.

Funding the Crowd

In today's thriving online landscape, crowdfunding has emerged as a powerful tool to assist individuals and organizations in raising funds for their endeavors. This trend allows anyone with an inspiring idea to tap into the vast resources of the public, transforming access to capital. From small-scale campaigns to large-scale efforts, crowdfunding has become a viable alternative to established funding sources.

• Utilizing the power of social networks and online platforms,
• linking individuals with shared interests and goals,
• cultivating a sense of shared purpose,

Crowdfunding for the masses has the potential to revolutionize industries, support innovative solutions, and empower social change. As technology continues to evolve and connectivity strengthens, we can expect crowdfunding to play an even more crucial role in shaping the future of funding.

Unlocking Regulation A+ for Successful Fundraising

Regulation A+, a relatively new avenue in the fundraising landscape, has emerged as a powerful tool for businesses seeking to raise capital. This framework allows companies to publicly offer securities to a broad range of participants, without the complexities and costs associated with traditional Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).

A key advantage of Regulation A+ is its ability to facilitate substantial funding. Companies can raise up to \$75 million in a single offering, providing them with the funding necessary to develop their operations, introduce new products or services, and attain their strategic goals.

However, conducting a successful Regulation A+ fundraising campaign requires careful strategy. Companies must follow stringent regulatory standards, create compelling pitch decks, and consistently connect with potential supporters.

Crowdfunding platforms Offering Title IV, Reg A+ Equity

Navigating the world of securities raising capital can be challenging, especially when it comes to understanding the nuances of Regulation A+ and Title IV. These regulations enable businesses a unique avenue to attract equity funding from a wider pool of investors, typically through crowdfunding platforms. While many platforms exist, identifying those specifically dedicated in Reg A+ and Title IV offerings can be demanding.

• Some prominent crowdfunding sites that have integrated Reg A+ and Title IV equity listings include: Wefunder, SeedInvest, and StartEngine. Each platform features its own specific set of tools and services to help businesses navigate their equity fundraisings successfully.
• It's essential to thoroughly research each platform, comparing factors such as fees, investor base, and the overall support they extend to both businesses and investors.

Be aware that investing in securities always carries inherent risks, so it's highly recommended to conduct your own due diligence before making any investment decisions.

Why Regulation A+ Works with Equity Crowdfunding

Regulation A+, a provision within U.S. securities law, allows companies to raise capital through a process known as equity crowdfunding. This method offers businesses the potential to tap into a wider pool of investors compared to traditional funding sources.

Under Regulation A+, companies can offer and sell their stocks to the public, with certain restrictions. The offering amount is typically capped at $75 million within a period, and companies must comply with various disclosure and reporting demands set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Equity crowdfunding platforms act as intermediaries, connecting companies seeking capital with individual investors. These platforms provide a network for companies to showcase their business plans and investment opportunities to a broader audience. Investors, in turn, can explore different investment options and contribute funds to companies that align with their interests and risk tolerance.

The combination of Regulation A+ and equity crowdfunding creates a dynamic ecosystem for capital formation. It empowers businesses to access funding from diverse sources, while providing investors with the means to participate in the growth of promising ventures.

FundAthena Regulation A+ Blank-check Offering

The emerging landscape of Regulation A+ offering exciting opportunities for investors. One such occurrence is the introduction of FundAthena Blank-check, a newly formed entity seeking to raise capital through a Regulation A+ process. This strategy allows smaller investors to participate in the growth and potential of businesses by contributing capital through a public offering.

FundAthena Blank-check's objectives remain undisclosed at this phase, but the entity is expected to specialize in a specific sector. Participants will have the opportunity to shape the direction of FundAthena Blank-check through their involvement in the offering.

Historic Stock Securities

Colonial stock securities depict a fascinating chapter in the annals of finance. These instruments, often fragile, bear witness to the {economic{ aspirations and ambitions of the colonial era. Investors sought returns on its investments in fledgling enterprises, founding the foundation for future prosperity. The study of colonial stock securities offers a unique glimpse into the intertwined nature of early American commerce and finance.

• Some prominent examples include:
• Shares in initial companies like the Hudson's Bay Company
• Debentures issued by colonies to fund military operations

We Discovered An Unit

Deep within the encrypted/complex/hidden files of the program/our system/that application, we stumbled upon something incredible. A perfectly functional/partially operational/barely working registration module/toolset/component. This discovery could revolutionize how we track users/access control/data management. We're still analyzing/investigating/examining its full potential, but the early signs are promising.

• Keep your eyes peeled
• On further developments

Delving into Title IV Reg A+

Are yourselves prepared to unlock the possibilities of {equity crowdfunding?{ Title IV Reg A+, a revolutionary financing method, allows companies to secure funding from individuals. This comprehensive chart will shed light on the key aspects of Title IV Reg A+, assisting you to grasp this exciting new world of investment.

• Learn about the framework governing Reg A+ transactions.
• Uncover the advantages for both businesses and participants.
• Analyze the steps involved in a successful Reg A+ offering.

Never miss this valuable resource to equip your understanding of Title IV Reg A+.

Regulation A+ Offering Documents LLC

Securex Filings LLC is a/serves as/provides a comprehensive platform/solution/service for companies seeking to raise capital through Regulation A+. Our team of experienced/skilled/dedicated professionals guides/supports/assists businesses through/during/in the entire process, from initial filing/submission/application to successful/smooth/efficient completion. With our expertise in securities law and regulatory requirements, we help companies comply with/meet/fulfill all necessary standards/guidelines/regulations. Securex Filings LLC is committed/dedicated/passionate to providing a transparent/clear/accessible experience for our clients, ensuring they have the knowledge/understanding/insight needed to navigate the complexities of Regulation A+ offerings.

Fundrise's Reg A+ Offering

Fundrise has launched an impressive Reg A offering to secure capital for its real estate projects. This offering allows ordinary investors to gain access to Fundrise's strategic portfolio of properties, typically reserved for accredited investors. The offering provides a range of investment vehicles, catering to multiple risk tolerances and investment goals.

• Investors can choose from
• different property types
• and target specific geographic regions

Fundrise's Reg A offering presents a promising avenue for investors interested in the real estate market, without the conventional hurdles.

The SEC

The Securities and Exchange Commission is/serves as/functions as the primary regulatory/governing/overseeing body for the United States securities/stock/financial markets. Established/Founded/Created in 1934/the early 20th century/the midst of the Great Depression, its mission/purpose/goal is to/remains to/aims to protect investors, maintain/ensure/guarantee fair and orderly/transparent/honest markets, and promote/encourage/foster capital formation. The SEC achieves/completes/undertakes this mission/objective/task through a variety of means/methods/tools, including registration/enforcement/regulation of securities offerings, conducting/overseeing/monitoring market activity, and issuing/publishing/releasing guidance/rules/directives to participants/players/stakeholders in the financial/securities/capital markets.

Examining the Waters | CrowdExpert Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding

The novel realm of equity crowdfunding is experiencing a significant surge in activity, with platforms like CrowdExpert paving new paths for businesses to attract capital. Under Title IV of the JOBS Act, Reg A+ provides a unique opportunity for companies to collect investment from the public in a established manner. CrowdExpert, a leading platform in this space, is currently conducting a "Testing the Waters" campaign for its Reg A+ offering. This strategic initiative allows companies to gauge investor interest before launching a full-scale funding round.

• Perks of CrowdExpert's Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding
• Broaden your capital base
• Transparent and accessible framework

SmallBizLending

StreetShares is a/are/provides revolutionary online platform designed to connect small businesses with investors. It empowers entrepreneurs by offering accessible/affordable/flexible funding options, fostering growth and innovation within the community/marketplace/economy. StreetShares leverages/utilizes/employs technology to streamline the lending process, making it quicker/faster/efficient and transparent/clear/open for both borrowers and lenders. Through its robust/comprehensive/extensive network, StreetShares facilitates/enables/supports the flow of capital to deserving businesses, contributing/playing a role/making an impact on the overall success of small enterprises.

Equity CrowdFund Reg A+ Offerings Regulation A+

Regulation A+, commonly known a tier of fundraising permitted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), allows companies a opportunity to raise capital from individual investors. This method became significant traction among startups and established businesses in recent years. EquityNet, a leading marketplace, facilitates Reg A+ offerings by connecting companies with potential investors. Through their detailed platform, EquityNet strives to provide accessible investment opportunities for a larger pool of investors.

Rule A+ Offerings on Investopedia

Investopedia offers comprehensive information on a range of financial topics, such as the intricacies of Regulation A+ offerings. This legal framework enables companies to attract capital from the public through bonds. Investopedia's site delves into the details of Regulation A+, clarifying the rules governing these unique offerings. Investors may benefit from Investopedia's in-depth analysis to make well-considered decisions regarding Regulation A+ investments.

Understanding the regulatory framework surrounding Regulation A+ offerings is crucial for both businesses seeking capital and individuals considering participation in these capital raising opportunities.

Understanding Regulation in this A+ Space

The realm of crowdfunding, particularly platforms like A+, is experiencing a period of dynamic growth and evolution. As this sector expands, regulatory frameworks are crucial for ensuring investor protection, market integrity, and the continued success of both entrepreneurs seeking funding and individuals looking to support innovative ventures. Governments worldwide are actively implementing new rules and guidelines specifically tailored to address the unique challenges and opportunities presented by A+ crowdfunding. These regulatory measures aim to strike a balance between fostering innovation and mitigating potential risks.

• Fundamental aspects of regulation in this space often address issues such as information sharing, investor due diligence, platform accountability, and the processing of funds.
• Efforts to regulate A+ crowdfunding are inspired by a desire to build a robust and trustworthy ecosystem where investors can participate with confidence.

By establishing clear regulatory boundaries, jurisdictions aim to promote responsible growth in the crowdfunding sector while safeguarding the interests of all participants.

Govern Offering Requirements

In the realm of securities , offering provisions are comprehensive to copyright investor safety . These regulations often necessitate a detailed statement of the investment's terms, including potential downsides , monetary projections, and the entity's background . Fulfillment to these stipulations is crucial for maintaining market transparency .

Supervision A+ from Investopedia

Investopedia provides comprehensive and insightful information on the intricate world of economic regulation. A+ Regulation investigates the nuances of regulatory frameworks, offering valuable understanding for individuals seeking to navigate the regulatory landscape.

• Central concepts such as adherence and monitoring are carefully explained, empowering users to make informed decisions in a shifting regulatory environment.
• Case studies of real-world regulatory instances highlight the influence of regulation on businesses.

Furthermore, Investopedia's A+ Regulation resource provides platform to a wealth of materials such as reports and expert analysis. This comprehensive resource prepares users with the knowledge needed to navigate in a complex financial landscape.

Regulating A+ Companies

The realm of commerce is constantly shifting, with cutting-edge companies pushing the boundaries. A+ companies, known for their outstanding performance and responsible practices, require a system of oversight that both promotes innovation while safeguarding the interests of all participants. This intricate task involves a delicate balance between enabling growth and mitigating potential risks.

• Robust regulations are essential to guarantee a level playing field for all companies, curbing any anticompetitive practices.
• Openness in the operations of A+ companies is crucial to cultivate public assurance. This includes clear communication about their activities and operational metrics.
• Cooperation between governments, industry leaders, and consumer groups is vital to develop effective policy frameworks that adjust to the changing landscape of industry.

Regulation A+ Summary

Regulation is crucial/essential/vital for maintaining order/stability/equilibrium within markets/industries/sectors. It helps to ensure/promote/facilitate fair competition, protect consumers, and safeguard the environment. A+ regulation strikes a delicate/optimal/harmonious balance between promoting/fostering/encouraging economic growth and mitigating/addressing/reducing potential risks. Effective regulation empowers/strengthens/bolsters transparency/accountability/trust while minimizing/reducing/eliminating bureaucratic burden/obstacles/hindrances.

• Key aspects/Fundamental principles/Core elements of A+ regulation include: proactive/adaptive/responsive framework/structure/system, evidence-based/data-driven/informed decision-making, and collaboration/engagement/partnership with stakeholders/industry players/relevant parties.
• Benefits/Advantages/Positive outcomes of well-designed regulation can include: increased innovation/investment/productivity, enhanced consumer protection/market integrity/public confidence, and a more sustainable/resilient/robust economy.

Regulating Real Estate For Modern Needs

Real estate legislation is a dynamic landscape that seeks to maintain the interests of buyers and the community. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including zoning, disclosure requirements, and green building practices.

Sound regulation is crucial to ensure a equitable real estate market that benefits all actors.

It helps to prevent abuse, defend consumer rights, and foster sustainable development practices. As a result, regulation aims to build a market that is successful.

My Mini-IPO First JOBS Act Company Goes Public Via Reg A+ on OTCQX

After a length of time of intense work and collaboration, my primary company is finally going public via Reg A+ on OTCQX. This signifies a major achievement in our journey as a startup built under the provisions of the JOBS Act.

The voyage has been challenging, and we are now excited to share this chance with investors. We believe that our groundbreaking product has the potential to transform the sector, and we are optimistic that this public listing will boost OTCQX FundersClub our growth and expansion.

We are grateful to our team for their unwavering confidence in us, and we look forward to building a thriving future together.

Funderclub enable Reg A+ raises on the platform

FundersClub, a leading equity crowdfunding platform, has announced that it is now enabling Regulation A+ raises for companies seeking to raise capital from the public. This move allows businesses to tap into a wider pool of investors and potentially accelerate their growth. Reg A+ offers organizations the opportunity to raise up to $75 million from both accredited and non-accredited investors, giving greater access to capital than traditional funding methods.

Previously, companies utilizing FundersClub had to adhere to Regulation CF, which restricts fundraising amounts at $5 million. The addition of Reg A+ raises enhances the platform's capabilities and provides a more versatile funding solution for companies at various stages of growth.

• Perks of Reg A+ for companies on FundersClub include:
• Higher fundraising potential
• Access to accredited and non-accredited investors
• Simplified compliance

Regulation A+ Regulation A+ Crowdfunding Platforms

Regulation A+, also known as Reg A+ , is a method in the United States that allows companies to raise capital from the public through crowdfunding. It offers a simplified process for companies to access funding, making it an appealing option for startups and smaller businesses. Crowdfunding platforms focused on Regulation A+ raises provide contributors with the opportunity to invest in promising companies while potentially earning a profit on their investment .

Regulation A+ offers benefits for both businesses and investors . Companies can access significant amounts of capital, expand , and initiate new projects. Investors can identify early-stage companies with growth potential , contributing to their success .

Regulation A+

Regulation A+, also known as Reg A+ , is a capital-raising mechanism that allows private companies to procure funds from the public. Unlike traditional IPOs, Regulation A+ provides a more efficient path to raising capital by minimizing regulatory burdens and requirements . This makes it a attractive option for smaller firms seeking to expand their operations.

Regulation A+ offerings are structured to allow both accredited and non-accredited investors to contribute. Companies employing Regulation A+ must adhere to certain disclosure requirements, but the process is generally perceived as less burdensome than a traditional IPO.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulates Regulation A+ offerings to safeguard investors and maintain market integrity.

Companies that select Regulation A+ may receive a broader pool of capital , which can facilitate their growth and progress.

Regulation A+ Requirements

Securities offerings under Regulation A+, also known as Level 2 crowdfunding, are subject to specific rules outlined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). These rules aim to provide a more accessible pathway for companies to raise capital while protecting investor security . To conduct a successful Regulation A+ offering, companies must adhere to several key provisions , including filing a detailed offering circular with the SEC and completing due diligence processes .

A successful Regulation A+ offering can provide companies with a significant boost of funding , allowing them to launch new products . However, it is essential for companies to fully grasp the nuances of Regulation A+ and seek professional advice throughout the process.

SlideShare regulation a securities act of 1933 jobs act 106 reg a tier 2 offering

Under the Securities Act of 1933, SlideShare, as a platform for content sharing and presentation, must navigate the complexities of distribution securities. Specifically, Jobs Act Section 106 of Regulation A Tier 2 provides a pathway for companies to raise capital through public offerings while leveraging platforms like SlideShare for marketing. It presents both opportunities and challenges, requiring careful consideration of regulatory compliance and investor protection .

Regulating Text

Text can be controlled in a variety of ways. This process typically includes setting guidelines for the material that is allowed to be published. There are many justifications for controlling text, such as safeguarding children, preventing harmful content, and maintaining the veracity of information. The approaches used to regulate text can be wide-ranging. Some common examples encompass censorship, content moderation, and legal frameworks.

Rulemaking A+ Introducing Rulemaking A+

Achieving a successful implementation of this new regulation framework requires careful planning. Entities must work together to achieve adherence while also exploiting the benefits presented by this new approach. Optimizing the process is crucial for promoting a seamless transition to the upgraded regulatory system.

Regulation A vs Reg D

When raising capital, companies often face a choice between Reg A and Reg D. Rule A is designed for smaller offerings and allows companies to sell up to 25 Million in securities per year to the general public. In contrast, Rule D provides a framework for private placements, allowing companies to raise capital from accredited investors without registering their securities with the SEC. Reg A generally involves more stringent reporting requirements and is suitable for companies seeking broader market exposure, while Regulation D offers greater flexibility and confidentiality, appealing to startups or businesses with a targeted investor base.

• However
• Each
• Frameworks

Regulation a DPO By the FRB

The Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) plays a crucial role in shaping regulatory landscapes within the financial sector. When it comes to implementing regulations for Data Protection Officers (DPOs), the FRB's approach focuses on ensuring comprehensive protection of consumer data while facilitating innovation. The FRB's mandates provide a framework for DPOs to successfully manage data security, ultimately fostering transparency within the financial ecosystem. This includes defining clear roles and responsibilities for DPOs, as well as promoting best practices for data management.

New Rules from the SEC New “Reg A+” Rules for Crowdfunding

In a landmark move to/for/towards streamline capital raising/acquisition/procurement, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has officially/finally/recently approved new rules governing/regulating/dictating crowdfunding through Reg A+. This development/initiative/measure is expected/projected/foreseen to revolutionize/transform/alter the way companies access/secure/obtain funding, particularly/especially/mainly smaller/emerging/startup businesses.

Reg A+ will now permit/allow/enable companies to raise significant/substantial/considerable amounts of capital directly from the public/general investor pool/mass market, potentially opening/unlocking/creating a new era of accessible/affordable/available funding opportunities/possibilities/avenues. The updated rules implement/introduce/establish greater/enhanced/improved transparency and investor protection, while/simultaneously/alongside making the process/procedure/system more/significantly/vastly efficient.

Regulation A+ vs Regulation D

When it comes to raising capital, enterprises frequently turn to securities regulation. Two prominent avenues in this realm are Rule 506.

Regulation A+ is a well-established mechanism designed for open fundraising. It enables enterprises to raise up to $100 million in funding from the general marketplace. In contrast, Regulation D, often referred to as a "private placement" system, is designed for offerings made to a narrower group of qualified individuals.

Rule 506, a key provision within Regulation D , outlines specific requirements for private placements. Notably, there are two distinct types under Rule 506: 506(b) and 506(c).

Rule 506(b) permits offerings to an unlimited number of investors, but it mandates that all purchasers be qualified. Conversely, Rule 506(c), often referred to as a "general solicitation" provision, allows for broader marketing efforts while still requiring all investors to be verified.

Regulation D - Rule 506(b) vs Rule 506(c)

When exploring private capital, understanding the nuances of securities regulations is crucial. Regulation D offers exemptions from certain registration needs for offerings of privately placed instruments. Two key provisions under Regulation D are Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c), each with distinct features that influence how companies can raise capital.

Rule 506(b) permits offerings to an unlimited number of accredited investors, but places a cap on the number of non-accredited investors at 35. It also requires full disclosure to all investors and relies primarily on the investor's due diligence.

Rule 506(c) offers greater flexibility by allowing offerings to a larger pool of accredited investors without any limit on their number. However, it mandatesstrict due diligence procedures and requires verification of investor accreditation.

• Important distinctions between Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) involve the number of non-accredited investors, transparency requirements, and due diligence standards.
• Choosing the appropriate Rule relies on a company's funding needs, investor profile, and legal environment.

Exploring DreamFunded Resources on Regulation A+

Regulation A+, a unique financing mechanism, empowers startups and established businesses to raise capital from the public. DreamFunded stands out as a prominent platform specializing in facilitating Regulation A+ offerings. Their comprehensive resources empower both potential investors and issuing companies to navigate this complex landscape with confidence. Contributors seeking alternative investment opportunities can delve into DreamFunded's educational materials, which provide in-depth explanations on the structure of Regulation A+.

• Companies looking to leverage Regulation A+ for growth will find invaluable guidance within DreamFunded's suite of tools and services. From designing compliant offerings to connecting with a network of potential supporters, DreamFunded streamlines the process, making it more accessible.

Understanding the nuances of Regulation A+ can be difficult. DreamFunded's dedicated team of specialists is committed to providing ongoing support throughout the journey. Whether you are a seasoned investor or just beginning your exploration of this forward-thinking financing option, DreamFunded equips you with the knowledge and resources required for success.

Over-the-Counter Exchanges Third Point Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Small Business Job Creation Act Tycon SEC registration SEC approval

Navigating the complexities of public markets can be a daunting task for startups seeking to raise capital and expand their operations. The JOBS Act has significantly altered the landscape, offering innovative pathways for businesses to access funding through various exempt offerings and registered securities transactions.

• OTC Markets, as an alternative trading platform, provides a viable avenue for companies seeking liquidity and visibility outside of traditional exchanges. Tripoint Capital, a prominent investment firm with expertise in the financial services sector, has become increasingly involved in supporting growth-stage companies through its strategic investments and advisory services.
• The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) plays a crucial role in overseeing the securities markets, ensuring fair trading practices and investor protection. Jumpstart Our Business Startups Jobs Act provisions have streamlined the registration process for certain offerings, making it more accessible for emerging businesses to raise capital.

Industry Leader companies often leverage these opportunities to expand their reach and accelerate their growth trajectories. SEC approval is essential for ensuring compliance with federal securities laws and regulations, ultimately safeguarding investor confidence in the market.

Online Donation Sites

When launching a new business, securing resources can be a major obstacle. Thankfully, there are numerous sites available to help seekers raise the funds they need. Three of the most popular include Kickstarter, each with its own unique focus.

GoFundMe, known for its user-friendliness, is a great option for personal causes. Kickstarter, on the other hand, specializes on creative projects and often involves perks for backers. Indiegogo offers a more versatile approach, allowing for diverse campaign types and investment models.

Beyond these popular platforms, some startups may choose to pursue venture capital. This involves giving a portion of the company in exchange for capital, typically from investors looking for potential return on investment.

Crowdfunding Sites to Startup Companies

Venture capital and angel investors are increasingly turning to crowdfunding platforms like CircleUp and AngelList to find promising early-stage companies. These platforms connect entrepreneurs with a wider pool of backers, allowing them to secure funding for their ventures. The JOBS Act has revolutionized the investment landscape by making it easier for startups to access equity crowdfunding. Platforms like EquityNet and Fundable offer individuals the opportunity to invest in a diversified portfolio of ventures, often with lower minimum commitments than traditional venture capital.

Crowdfunding enables an alternative path for entrepreneurs to raise capital by tapping into a mass funding model. Early-stage finance options are also becoming increasingly popular, allowing companies to draw in investors while maintaining control. Platforms like SoMoLend and Endurance Lending Network specialize in private lending.

Regulatory bodies like the Regulation D provide oversight to ensure transparency and protect backers in the crowdfunding space. S-1 filings and other compliance measures govern public offerings, while Reg A+ and Title IV exemptions offer pathways for companies to secure funding through publicly traded securities. The rise of crowdfunding has democratized access to investment opportunities, enabling both entrepreneurs and investors to participate in the dynamic world of early-stage investing.